Modified vaccinia virus Ankara as a vector for suicide gene therapy.

{"article_title":"Liberation From Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Adults: An Official American College of Chest Physicians\/American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline: Inspiratory Pressure Augmentation During Spontaneous Breathing Trials, Protocols Minimizing Sedation, and Noninvasive Ventilation Immediately After Extubation.","author":"Ouellette DR, Patel S, Girard TD, Morris PE, Schmidt GA, Truwit JD, Alhazzani W, Burns SM, Epstein SK, Esteban A, Fan E, Ferrer M, Fraser GL, Gong MN, Hough CL, Mehta S, Nanchal R, Pawlik AJ, Schweickert WD, Sessler CN, Str\u00f8m T, Kress JP","journal_title":"Chest","issn":"1931-3543","isbn":"","publication_date":"2008-01-01","volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"166","page_count":"","accession_number":"27818331","doi":"","publisher":"Elsevier","doctype":"Journal Article","subjects":"Critical Illness therapy; Respiration, Artificial methods; Adult; Aged; Airway Extubation methods; Conscious Sedation methods; Critical Care methods; Critical Care standards; Evidence-Based Emergency Medicine methods; Humans; Noninvasive Ventilation methods; United States; Ventilator Weaning methods","interest_area":["Emergency Medicine"," Cardiology"," Pulmonology"],"abstract":"Background: An update of evidence-based guidelines concerning liberation from mechanical ventilation is needed as new evidence has become available. The American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) have collaborated to provide recommendations to clinicians concerning liberation from the ventilator. Methods: Comprehensive evidence syntheses, including meta-analyses, were performed to summarize all available evidence relevant to the guideline panel's questions. The evidence was appraised using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, and the results were summarized in evidence profiles. The evidence syntheses were discussed and recommendations developed and approved by a multidisciplinary committee of experts in mechanical ventilation. Results: Recommendations for three population, intervention, comparator, outcome (PICO) questions concerning ventilator liberation are presented in this document. The guideline panel considered the balance of desirable (benefits) and undesirable (burdens, adverse effects, costs) consequences, quality of evidence, feasibility, and acceptability of various interventions with respect to the selected questions. Conditional (weak) recommendations were made to use inspiratory pressure augmentation in the initial spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) and to use protocols to minimize sedation for patients ventilated for more than 24 h. A strong recommendation was made to use preventive noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for high-risk patients ventilated for more than 24 h immediately after extubation to improve selected outcomes. The recommendations were limited by the quality of the available evidence. Conclusions: The guideline panel provided recommendations for inspiratory pressure augmentation during an initial SBT, protocols minimizing sedation, and preventative NIV, in relation to ventilator liberation. Copyright \u00a9 2016 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","url":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mdl&AN=27818331","isPdfLink":true,"isSAML":false,"an":"27818331","number_other":"","type_pub":"","issn_electronic":"1931-3543","languages":"English","language":"eng","date_entry":"","date_update":"","titleSource":"Cancer Gene Therapy. Jan2008, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p18-28. 11p. 2 Charts, 4 Graphs.","date_pub_cy":"","type_document":"","contract_publisher":"","authored_on":"2008-01-01","description":"Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) has been used successfully to express various antigens for the development of vaccines. Here we show that MVA can also be used as an efficient vector for the transfer of suicide genes to cancer cells. We have generated a new and highly potent suicide gene, FCU1, which encodes a fusion protein derived from the yeast cytosine deaminase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase genes. We now describe the therapeutic benefit of using MVA to deliver and express the FCU1 gene in cancer cells. MVA-mediated transfer of the FCU1 gene to various human tumor cells results in the production of a bifunctional intracellular enzyme, such that exposure to the prodrug 5-FC suppresses the growth of the tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we report a more potent tumor growth delay at lower doses of 5-FC using MVA-FCU1 in comparison to adenovirus encoding FCU1. Prolonged therapeutic levels of cytotoxic 5-FU were detected in tumors in mice treated with both MVA-FCU1 and 5-FC while no detectable 5-FU was found in the circulation. This original combination between MVA and FCU1 represents a potentially safe and attractive therapeutic option to test in man.Cancer Gene Therapy (2008) 15, 18\u201328; doi:10.1038\/sj.cgt.7701098; published online 9 November 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]","upload_link":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cxh&AN=27818331&authtype=shib&custid=ns346513&group=main&profile=eds","no_of_pages":"","authored_by":"Erbs, P., Findeli, A., Kintz, J., Cordier, P., Hoffmann, C., Geist, M., Balloul, J.-M.","header":{"DbId":"cxh","DbLabel":"Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate","An":"27818331","RelevancyScore":"676","PubType":"Academic Journal","PubTypeId":"academicJournal","PreciseRelevancyScore":"675.905517578125"},"plink":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cxh&AN=27818331&authtype=shib&custid=ns346513&group=main&profile=eds","issn_print":"09291903","physicalDescription":{"Pagination":{"PageCount":"11","StartPage":"18"}},"additionalInfo":{"Authored_By":"Erbs, P., Findeli, A., Kintz, J., Cordier, P., Hoffmann, C., Geist, M., Balloul, J.-M.","Published_Date":"2008-01-01","Source":"Cancer Gene Therapy. Jan2008, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p18-28. 11p. 2 Charts, 4 Graphs.","Languages":"English","Subjects":"VACCINIA, VIRUS diseases in cattle, GENE therapy, GENETIC engineering, ANTIGENS, VACCINES","Title_Abbreviations":"Cancer Gene Therapy","Volume":"15"}}