Production of superoxide ions by leukocytes of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
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Clinical Guidelines
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Merchant, Mark, Williams, Stetson, Hardy, Ross
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Oncology
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Oncology
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volume
152
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10964959
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{"article_title":"[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in developing countries: Management from the transplant indication (allo\/auto) until post-transplant follow-up. Guidelines from the SFGM-TC].","author":"Yafour N, Hamzy F, Elkababri M, Yakoub-Agha I, Bekadja MA","journal_title":"Bulletin du cancer","issn":"1769-6917","isbn":"","publication_date":"2023-02-01","volume":"110","issue":"2S","first_page":"S30","page_count":"","accession_number":"35562231","doi":"10.1016\/j.bulcan.2022.02.011","publisher":"Elsevier","doctype":"English Abstract","subjects":"Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma therapy; Humans; Developing Countries; Follow-Up Studies; Bone Marrow Transplantation","interest_area":["Oncology"],"abstract":"Management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in countries with limited resources depends on the means of prognostic stratification, available treatment and logistics. During the 12th annual harmonization workshops of the francophone Society of bone marrow transplantation and cellular therapy (SFGM-TC), a designated working group reviewed the literature in order to elaborate unified guidelines for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (Allo-HCT) in this disease. Conventional poor prognostic factors can be used to determine the indication of allo-HCT in first remission. Patients lacking a HLA-matched related donor can be allografted with a haploidentical donor allo-HCT if available. Chemotherapy based conditioning regimen can be used if TBI is not available, because the probability to find a radiotherapy department with the capacity for total body irradiation is low. For patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Phi+) ALL, post-transplantation tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a systematic maintenance strategy is recommended. Autologous HCT is optional for Phi+ ALL patients with negative minimal residual disease, who not eligible for allo-HCT. Patients with refractory\/relapsed disease have a poor prognosis which highlights the importance of acquiring in the future new therapies such as: blinatumumab, inotuzumab, and CAR-T cells. Copyright \u00a9 2022 Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.","url":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mdl&AN=35562231","isPdfLink":false,"isSAML":true,"an":"35562231","number_other":"","type_pub":"","issn_electronic":"1769-6917","languages":"French","language":"fre","date_entry":"Date Created: 20220513 Date Completed: 20230217 Latest Revision: 20231129","date_update":"20240105","titleSource":"Bulletin du cancer [Bull Cancer] 2023 Feb; Vol. 110 (2S), pp. S30-S38. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 11.","date_pub_cy":"","type_document":"","contract_publisher":"","authored_on":"2023-02-01","description":"Management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients in countries with limited resources depends on the means of prognostic stratification, available treatment and logistics. During the 12th annual harmonization workshops of the francophone Society of bone marrow transplantation and cellular therapy (SFGM-TC), a designated working group reviewed the literature in order to elaborate unified guidelines for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (Allo-HCT) in this disease. Conventional poor prognostic factors can be used to determine the indication of allo-HCT in first remission. Patients lacking a HLA-matched related donor can be allografted with a haploidentical donor allo-HCT if available. Chemotherapy based conditioning regimen can be used if TBI is not available, because the probability to find a radiotherapy department with the capacity for total body irradiation is low. For patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Phi+) ALL, post-transplantation tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a systematic maintenance strategy is recommended. Autologous HCT is optional for Phi+ ALL patients with negative minimal residual disease, who not eligible for allo-HCT. Patients with refractory\/relapsed disease have a poor prognosis which highlights the importance of acquiring in the future new therapies such as: blinatumumab, inotuzumab, and CAR-T cells.<br \/> (Copyright © 2022 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)","upload_link":"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/doi:10.1016\/j.cbpb.2008.09.089","no_of_pages":"","authored_by":"Yafour N, Hamzy F, Elkababri M, Yakoub-Agha I, Bekadja MA","additionalInfo":{"Authored_By":"Merchant, Mark, Williams, Stetson, Hardy, Ross","Published_Date":"2009-01-01","Source":"Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Jan2009, Vol. 152 Issue 1, p67-71, 5p","Languages":"English","Subjects":"SUPEROXIDES, LEUKOCYTES, AMERICAN alligator, TETRAZOLIUM salts, NATURAL immunity, SUPEROXIDE dismutase","Title_Abbreviations":"Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","Volume":"152"},"header":{"DbId":"edm","DbLabel":"Biomedical Index","An":"35562231","RelevancyScore":"833","PubType":"Academic Journal","PubTypeId":"academicJournal","PreciseRelevancyScore":"833.468627929688"},"plink":"https:\/\/search.ebscohost.com\/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=edm&AN=35562231&authtype=shib&custid=ns346513&group=main&profile=eds"}
Abstract: This study was conducted to characterize the production of superoxide ions by leukocytes in whole blood of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). We used WST-1, a tetrazolium salt which can be reduced to a water-soluble formazan compound with high molar absorptivity at 438 nm, to probe the production of superoxide by alligator leukocytes. Incubation of alligator whole blood with WST-1 resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent increase in absorbance of the plasma at 438 nm. The reduction of WST-1 was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of superoxide to peroxide, confirming that the reduction of WST-1 was due to the presence of superoxide. Treatment of whole blood with nitrotetrazolium blue (NBT) resulted in the staining of heterophils and monocytes, enforcing the idea that that the production of superoxide is due to the presence of leukocytes, and not other blood cell components. It is interesting to note that the production of superoxide by the alligator leukocytes required no external stimulation while human leukocytes must be stimulated with an immunological challenge before producing superoxide. This is the first report of the production of superoxide as an innate immune mechanism in crocodilians. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]